Ngowuphi owona mvuzo uphantsi eJamani? (2024 ulwazi oluhlaziyiweyo)

Ngowuphi owona mvuzo uphantsi eJamani? Baninzi abantu abafuna ukusebenza eJamani, enye yezona zoqoqosho zinkulu eYurophu, kwaye umvuzo omncinci uya kuba yintoni eJamani ngo-2024 uphandwa rhoqo. Kweli nqaku, siza kubonelela ngolwazi malunga nesixa sangoku somvuzo omncinci waseJamani kunye namaxabiso kwiminyaka edlulileyo.

Kweli nqaku apho sinikezela ngolwazi malunga nentlawulo ephantsi yomvuzo esetyenziswa eJamani, UMphathiswa Wezabasebenzi waseJamani Sasebenzisa idatha esemthethweni evela kwi (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales). Eli nqaku sililungiselele ngedatha ebhengezwe nguMphathiswa wezaBasebenzi waseJamani (i-Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs) (BMAS). Umvuzo omncinci waseJamani Iqulethe ulwazi oluchanekileyo noluhlaziyiweyo malunga.

EJamani, owona mvuzo uphantsi umiselwa yikomishoni yokumisela umvuzo omncinci ngokwemigaqo yomthetho emisela inqanaba lomvuzo ophantsi kubasebenzi. I-Arhente yeeNkonzo zeNgqesho yaseJamani Owona mvuzo uphantsi womvuzo, ohlaziywa minyaka le yi (BA), uhlaziywa rhoqo ukuze kukhuselwe imigangatho yokuphila yabasebenzi nokuqinisekisa iimeko zokusebenza ezinobulungisa. Ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni umvuzo omncinci eJamani, sinokujonga ukumiselwa komvuzo okwenziwa rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini.

Malunga neminyaka emi-2 eyadlulayo, oko kukuthi, ngo-2022, umvuzo omncinci eJamani wamiselwa njenge-9,60 euros. Xa le mali ibalwa ngeyure, ijika ibe yi-9,60 Euros ngeyure. Umntu osebenza eJamani akanakuqeshwa ngaphantsi kowona mvuzo uphantsi. Owona mvuzo usezantsi wonyuka phantse minyaka le, nto leyo enegalelo kwimeko yezemali yabasebenzi.

Ngowuphi owona mvuzo uphantsi eJamani?

Ngowuphi owona mvuzo uphantsi eJamani? Lo mbuzo ngumba okhathaza iingqondo zabantu abaninzi abahlala ezilalini nabafuna ukusebenza. IJamani, ilizwe elinoqoqosho olukhulu eYurophu, nayo ikwinqanaba eliphezulu ngokweendleko zabasebenzi. Ukumisela owona mvuzo uphantsi kwilizwe yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela ubudlelwane phakathi kwabasebenzi nabaqeshi.

Umvuzo omncinci eJamani nguMthetho woMvuzo omncinci waseJamani (mindestlohngesetz) igqitywe ngu. Lo mthetho, oqale ukusebenza ngo-2015, ufuna ukubeka umrholo ophantsi weyure kubo bonke abasebenzi. Namhlanje, ixabiso lomvuzo omncinci limiselwa ngenxa yovavanyo lonyaka.

Ukusukela ngo-2021, umvuzo omncinci weyure eJamani umiselwe njenge-9,60 euros. Eli nani lisebenza kubo bonke abasebenzi kulo naliphi na ishishini. Uthethathethwano phakathi kwemibutho, abaqeshi kunye namagosa karhulumente adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni owona mvuzo uphantsi eJamani.

Ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2024, owona mvuzo uphantsi osemthethweni eJamani yi-12,41 euro ngeyure. IKomishoni yoMvuzo oMiselweyo yenze esi sigqibo ngomhla wama-26 kweyeSilimela ngowama-2023. Esi sigqibo sithathwe sisininzi seevoti ngokuchasene neevoti zabameli bomanyano. Ngamanye amazwi, umsebenzi ufumana umvuzo omncinci we-12,41 euro ngeyure nganye ayisebenzayo. Umsebenzi osebenza iiyure ezisi-8 ngosuku ufumana umvuzo we-99,28 euro ngosuku. Ke, sinokuthi umsebenzi osebenza iiyure ezisi-8 ngosuku eJamani ufumana umvuzo we-100 EUR ngosuku. Lo mvuzo ngowona mvuzo uphantsi. Umsebenzi osebenza iiyure eziyi-8 ngosuku, iintsuku ezingama-20 ngenyanga ufumana umvuzo omncinci we-2000 Euros ngenyanga. Ngubani ofumana owona mvuzo uphantsi, zeziphi ezinxaxhileyo, kwenzeka ntoni xa uthe waphuka? Kweli nqaku siphendula eyona mibuzo ibalulekileyo.

Zingaphi iiyuro ngowona mvuzo uphantsi eJamani?

Umvuzo omncinci eJamani umiselwe njenge-1 euro ngeyure ukusuka nge-2024 kaJanuwari 12,41. Lo mrhumo uqale ukusebenza ukususela nge-01/01/2024. IKomishoni yoMvuzo oMncinci yathatha esi sigqibo ngoJuni 26, 2023, ngokuchasene neevoti zabameli bomanyano. Olu lonyuso luncinci alukhange lukholise abasebenzi abafumana umvuzo omncinci. Amanye amaqela ezopolitiko asazama ukunyusa owona mvuzo uphantsi.

Owona mvuzo usezantsi uphelele ngenyanga womsebenzi osebenza iiyure ezingama-40 ngeveki malunga ne-2.080 Euros. Yimalini eseleyo emva kokutsalwa kweerhafu kunye neminikelo yokhuseleko loluntu iyahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu kwaye isibiyeli serhafu, ubume bomtshato, inani labantwana, inkolelo yenkolo kunye nombuso womanyano Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana. Uya kufunda imizekelo ethile ngakumbi kamva kwinqaku.

Ngokwembono yomanyano, esi sixa siyadanisa ngokupheleleyo. Babiza ukunyuka okubaluleke ngakumbi kumvuzo omncinci osemthethweni, kunikwe ukunyuka kwamaxabiso aphezulu kunye nokunyuka kwamandla kunye neendleko zokutya.

Kuya kwenziwa nini ukonyuka okulandelayo kumvuzo omncinci eJamani?

Ukunyuswa okulandelayo kumvuzo ophantsi osemthethweni ngokubanzi kuya kwenzeka nge-1 kaJanuwari 2025. IKomishoni yoMvuzo oNcinciweyo yagqiba ngokuchasene kunye nevoti yesininzi sabameli bombutho ngoJuni 26, 2023, ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe ummiselo ongakanani kumvuzo ophantsi. Umvuzo omncinci osemthethweni unyuke kwi-euro eyi-2024 kwi-12.41 ukususela ngoJanuwari 1 kwaye uya kunyuka kwi-01 euro kwi-01/2025/12.82. Oku kunyuka kuphela kwe-3,4 okanye i-3,3 yeepesenti kwaye kukude nokunciphisa ukuphuculwa kwangoku kwamandla okuthenga (ukunyuka kwamaxabiso). Abasebenzi abakuthandanga ukonyuswa kowona mvuzo uphantsi oza kwenziwa ngo-2025.

Umgaqo-nkqubo womvuzo omncinci waseJamani ujolise ekukhuseleni amalungelo abaqeshi kunye nabasebenzi. Ngale ndlela, ngelixa iimfuno ezisisiseko zabasebenzi abaxhaswa yimanyano zihlangatyezwa, abaqeshi bayakwazi ukuphumeza umgaqo-nkqubo wemivuzo enobulungisa. Umvuzo omncinci eJamani sisixa esimiselwa ziiyure zokusebenza kwaye sithande ukonyuka minyaka le.

Yintoni eyona khomishini yomvuzo omncinci waseJamani?

IKhomishini yoMvuzo ophantsi, Liqumrhu elizimeleyo eliquka imibutho yabaqeshi, abameli bemibutho yabasebenzi kunye neenzululwazi. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ijonga ukuba kufuneka uphakame kangakanani na umvuzo okhoyo ngoku osemthethweni ukuze kubonelelwe abasebenzi ngokhuselo olwaneleyo.

Njengomthetho, iKomishoni yoMvuzo oMncinci ingenisa isiphakamiso sokunyusa umvuzo ophantsi osemthethweni rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2. Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-euro ezili-2022 ngo-12 kwakuyixesha elinye, ukunyuka okungacwangciswanga okuvunyelweneyo kwisivumelwano sokubambisana. Kwandula ke kwabakho ukubuyela kumjikelo oqhelekileyo omiselweyo ngokusemthethweni. Oku kukwathetha ukuba akusayi kubakho kunyuswa kowona mvuzo uphantsi womthetho jikelele ngo-2023.

Ngowuphi owona mvuzo usezantsi ngeyure eJamani?

Umvuzo omncinci weyure eJamani ngummiselo ojolise ekumiseleni umvuzo abaza kuwuhlawula abasebenzi ngomsebenzi abawenzayo. Kumiselwa ngokuqwalasela iimeko zezoqoqosho zelizwe, izibophelelo zentlawulo zabaqeshi kunye nemigangatho yokuphila yabasebenzi. Injongo kukuba umvuzo omncinci eJamani ube kwinqanaba elihlangabezana neemfuno ezisisiseko zabasebenzi.

NgoJanuwari 1, 2024  Umvuzo osemthethweni weyure unyusiwe. Okwangoku ngeyure 12,41 euro. NgoJanuwari 1, 2025, umvuzo omncinci eJamani uya kunyuka ukuya kwi-12,82 euros.

Umvuzo omncinci ngummiselo omiselwe ukuphucula umgangatho wokuphila wabasebenzi kunye nokunika ixabiso elifunekayo ekusebenzeni. Umbuzo wokuba umvuzo omncinci wanele eJamani unengxabano. Ngoxa abanye besithi owona mvuzo uphantsi ufanele ube phezulu, abanye bathi abaqeshi basenokuba nobunzima ekuhlawuleni ezi ndleko ziphakamileyo.

Ngowuphi owona mvuzo uphantsi wosuku eJamani?

Owona mvuzo usezantsi eJamani ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2024 12,41 euro. Umsebenzi osebenza iiyure ezisibhozo (8) ngosuku ufumana umvuzo we-99,28 Euros ngosuku. Ufanelwe ngumvuzo opheleleyo we-2000 Euro ngenyanga.

eJamani Ngaba umvuzo omncinci uyahluka ngokwamacandelo ahlukeneyo?

Ubuncinci bemivuzo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo eJamani isebenza kuzo zonke iinkampani ezikwicandelo. Akukhathaliseki nokuba iinkampani zibotshelelwe sisivumelwano esihlanganyelweyo okanye hayi. Iimanyano nabaqeshi bayathethathethana ngezi ngxoxo ngeengxoxo ezidityanelweyo. Ngamanye amaxesha umvuzo omncinci usetyenziswa ngolu hlobo kumashishini alandelayo. (ukusukela ngo-2024)

Imisebenzi yokucoca itshimini: 14,50 Euro

Abasebenzi boncedo lwezonyango: 14,15 Euro

Abahlengikazi: 15,25 Euro

Ukupeyinta kunye nokupolisha imisebenzi: 13 Euro (umsebenzi ongenabuchule) - 15 Euro (umsebenzi onobuchule)

Imisebenzi ye-scaffolding: 13,95 Euro

Imisebenzi yokulawula inkunkuma: 12,41 Euro

Ukucoca izakhiwo: 13,50 Euro

Umsebenzi wexeshana: 13,50 Euro

Uqeqesho lwezandla: 18,58 Euro

Ukongeza, iJamani inemigaqo yomvuzo eyahlukileyo ngokwemisebenzi kunye namacandelo, ngaphandle komvuzo omncinci. Eminye imisebenzi kunye nemivuzo yabo yeyure inikwe kwitheyibhile engentla. Le mivuzo yimiyinge eqhelekileyo kwaye inokwahluka phakathi kwabaqeshi okanye izixeko ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, izinto ezinje ngamava, imfundo kunye nezakhono zinokuchaphazela inqanaba lomvuzo.

Ngaba kukho umvuzo omncinci wabafundi abasafunda eJamani?

Abaqeqeshwa banikwa ubuncinci besibonelelo soqeqesho, hayi umvuzo omncinci. Udla ngokubizwa ngokuba “nguwona mvuzo uphantsi woqeqesho” kodwa akufuneki ubhidaniswe nowona mvuzo uphantsi usemthethweni.

Ihlawulwe kubafundi abasafunda umsebenzi ngo-2024 Ubuncinci besibonelelo semfundo  :

• I-euro eyi-1 kunyaka wokuqala wemfundo,
• I-euro eyi-2 kunyaka wokuqala wemfundo,
• I-euro eyi-3 kunyaka wokuqala wemfundo,
• 4 euro kwimisebenzi kamva.

Ubuncinci bomvuzo eJamani kwiminyaka edlulileyo

Ubungcali kunye nemivuzo eJamani

IJamani yindawo ethandwayo yokufudukela kwabantu abaninzi abanemigangatho ephezulu yokuphila, amathuba emisebenzi kunye nemivuzo. Ubuchwephesha babo kunye nemivuzo, okuyiyona nto ibalulekileyo kwabo bafuna ukuhlala eJamani, yenziwe ngokuhambelana nemeko yezoqoqosho yelizwe kunye neemfuno zemarike yabasebenzi.

Imivuzo yobungcali eJamani iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubume bomsebenzi, amava kunye nemfundo. Ngokomzekelo, iingcali ezisebenza kumacandelo afana nenzululwazi, ezobuchwepheshe, ezobunjineli nezemali zisenokufumana imivuzo ethe chatha, ngoxa abo basebenza kwicandelo lenkonzo okanye kwimisebenzi ekumgangatho ophantsi besenokunikwa imivuzo ephantsi. 

Ukuba ngugqirha, omnye weyona misebenzi ithandwayo eJamani, iphakathi kwezona zifundo zihlawulwa kakhulu. Imivuzo yoogqirha abasebenza kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kukhathalelo lokuqala ukuya kuqhaqho, mihle kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe. 

Ukongeza, abo basebenza kwicandelo lobunjineli baphakathi kweyona misebenzi ihlawulwa kakhulu eJamani. Iingcali ezisebenza kumacandelo ezobugcisa afana nobunjineli bekhompyuter, ubunjineli bombane, kunye nobunjineli bomatshini banokufumana imivuzo ephezulu kakhulu xa benemfundo elungileyo kunye namava. 

Icandelo lezemali eJamani likwalicandelo elibonelela ngamathuba emisebenzi ahlawula kakuhle. Imivuzo yabasebenzi bezemali abasebenza kwimimandla efana nebhanki, i-inshurensi kunye notyalo-mali ilungile kwaye inokunyuka njengoko beqhubela phambili kwimisebenzi yabo.

Njengoko kubonisiwe kwitheyibhile, imivuzo inokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kubuchwephesha. Nangona kunjalo, akufanele ilibaleke ukuba abasebenzi baseJamani nabo baxhamla kumalungelo ezentlalo kunye nokhuseleko lomsebenzi ngaphezu kwemivuzo.

Kubalulekile ukuba abo bafuna ukusebenza eJamani baqwalasele umdla wabo, izakhono zabo kunye nemfundo xa bekhetha umsebenzi. Akufanele ilibaleke ukuba ukwazi isiJamani kuyinzuzo enkulu ekufumaneni umsebenzi kunye nokuqhubela phambili umsebenzi wakho.

Ngaba umvuzo omncinci osemthethweni awusebenzi eJamani?

Kakade ke, kukho iimeko ezichaseneyo nowona mthetho uphantsi womvuzo. Abo bahlangabezana nale migaqo ilandelayo banokuhlawulwa ngaphantsi:

1. Ulutsha oluneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-18 olungekalugqibi uqeqesho lwalo msebenzi.
2. Abaqeqeshwayo njengenxalenye yoqeqesho lomsebenzi, nokuba bangakanani ngeminyaka.
3. Ukungaphangeli ixesha elide kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala emva kokuphela kokungasebenzi.
4. Abafundi abasaqeqeshwayo, ngaphandle kokuba i-internship inyanzelekile ngaphakathi kwinqanaba lesikolo okanye imfundo yaseyunivesithi.
5. Abafundi abasaqeqeshwayo bavolontiya ukuya kutsho kwiinyanga ezintathu ukunika isikhokelo kuqeqesho lomsebenzi okanye ukuqalisa izifundo ekholejini okanye eyunivesithi.
6. Abantu abatsha kunye nabantu abasebenza ngokuzithandela ekuqeqesheni umsebenzi okanye olunye uqeqesho lwemisebenzi yobugcisa ukulungiselela iziqinisekiso zenqanaba lokungena ngokuhambelana noMthetho woQeqesho loMsebenzi.

Ngaba kulula ukuhlala eJamani?

IJamani yaziwa njengelinye lawona mazwe aphuhlileyo kwihlabathi kwaye itsala umdla wabantu abaninzi. Ngaba kulula ukuhlala eJamani? Ekubeni amava omntu ngamnye esenokwahluka, impendulo yalo mbuzo isenokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Kodwa ngokubanzi, ukuhlala eJamani kunika amathuba amaninzi kunye neenzuzo.

Okokuqala, inkqubo yezempilo eJamani ikwinqanaba elihle kakhulu. Wonke umntu unelungelo kwi-inshurensi yezempilo jikelele, ebonelela ngokufikelela ngokulula kwiinkonzo zonyango. Ukongeza, inqanaba lemfundo eJamani liphezulu kakhulu kwaye amathuba emfundo yasimahla abonelelwa.

Ukongeza, iziseko zophuhliso zaseJamani zilunge kakhulu kwaye nenkqubo yezothutho yoluntu iphuhlisiwe. Unokuhamba ngokulula kulo lonke ilizwe ngeendlela zokuhamba ezifana noololiwe, iibhasi kunye neetram. Ukongeza, amathuba engqesho eJamani abanzi kakhulu. 

Iinkampani ezininzi zamazwe ngamazwe zikomkhulu eJamani kwaye imisebenzi ehlawula kakuhle iyafumaneka. Ukongeza, iyantlukwano yenkcubeko yaseJamani yenza ubomi bube lula. Ukuhlala kunye nabantu abavela kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kukuvumela ukuba ubambe iimbono ezahlukeneyo. Kwangaxeshanye, ubuhle bendalo baseJamani bukwafanele ukuphononongwa. Unokuchitha ixesha elijikelezwe yindalo kwiindawo ezifana neBavarian Alps, iRhine River kunye neLake Constance.

IJamani lilizwe elinoqoqosho olukhulu eYurophu kunye nenxalenye ebalulekileyo yoqoqosho lwehlabathi. Amacandelo okuvelisa, urhwebo, ukuthumela ngaphandle kunye neenkonzo abumba umqolo woqoqosho lwaseJamani. Nazi iinyani ezibalulekileyo malunga noqoqosho lwaseJamani:

1. Ishishini lokuVelisa : IJamani inoshishino oluqinileyo lwemveliso, ngakumbi kumacandelo afana neemoto, oomatshini, iikhemikhali kunye ne-elektroniki. Amandla okuvelisa kunye nezakhono zobunjineli zelizwe zamkelwa kwihlabathi jikelele.
2. ukuthumela ngaphandle : IJamani yenye yamazwe athumela ngaphandle. Ithumela ngaphandle iimveliso eziphezulu zexabiso elongeziweyo, ngakumbi iimveliso zemoto, oomatshini kunye neekhemikhali. Ithumela kwamanye amazwe kuqoqosho olukhulu olufana neManyano yaseYurophu, i-USA kunye neTshayina.
3. Ushishino lwenkonzo : Icandelo lenkonzo laseJamani nalo liphuhlisiwe. Kukho icandelo lenkonzo elomeleleyo kwimimandla efana nezezimali, ubuchwepheshe, impilo, imfundo kunye nokhenketho.
4. Abasebenzi abazinzile : IJamani lilizwe elinabasebenzi abanezakhono eziphezulu. Inkqubo yemfundo kunye neenkqubo zoqeqesho lomsebenzi zijolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho kunye nemveliso yabasebenzi.
5. iziseko : IJamani inezothutho zala maxesha nezisebenzayo, ezonxibelelwano kunye neziseko zamandla. Esi siseko senza ukuba amashishini kunye noqoqosho lusebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
6. inkcitho yoluntu : IJamani inenkqubo yentlalontle ebanzi kwaye inkcitho yoluntu imele inxalenye ebalulekileyo yengeniso yerhafu. Utyalo-mali kwimimandla efana nempilo, imfundo kunye nokhathalelo lwentlalo lubalulekile.
7. inguqu yamandla : IJamani ithathe indima ephambili kumandla avuselelekayo kunye nokuzinza. Ilizwe lizama ukusuka kumafutha efosili lisingise kwimithombo yamandla ohlaza.

Uqoqosho lwaseJamani luzinzile ngokubanzi kwaye ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwehlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, inesakhiwo esihlala sitshintsha ngenxa yempembelelo yezinto ezifana notshintsho lwabantu, uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe kunye neendlela zoqoqosho zehlabathi.

Ulwazi malunga ne-arhente yaseJamani yengqesho

Ikomkhulu le-Arhente yeNgqesho ye-Federal (BA) iqhuba imisebenzi yenkonzo ebanzi kwimarike yabasebenzi kunye noqeqesho kubemi, iinkampani kunye namaziko. Uthungelwano lwelizwe lonke lwee-arhente zengqesho kunye namaziko emisebenzi (izibonelelo ekwabelwana ngazo) zikhona ukwenza le misebenzi yenkonzo. Imisebenzi ephambili yeBA yile:

Ukukhuthaza ukuqesheka kunye namandla okufumana umvuzo
Uqeqesho kunye nokubekwa kwizithuba zengqesho
Ingcebiso ngomsebenzi
Ingcebiso yomqeshi
Ukukhuthazwa koqeqesho lomsebenzi
Ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lobungcali
Ukukhuthaza indibaniselwano yobungcali yabantu abakhubazekileyo
Iinkonzo zokugcina nokudala ingqesho kunye
Izibonelelo zokutshintshwa komvuzo, ezifana nokungaqeshwa okanye izibonelelo zokungabi namali.
I-BA ikwangoyena mboneleli ophambili wokhuseleko kwabo bafuna umsebenzi kwaye ke ngoko ibonelela ngeenkonzo kumaziko kunye neenkonzo ekwabelwana ngazo ukuze kukhuseleke ubomi, ngakumbi ukuphelisa okanye ukunciphisa imfuno yoncedo ngokudibanisa umsebenzi.

I-BA ikwaqhuba urhwebo lwezemisebenzi kunye nophando lwezemisebenzi, uqwalaselo lwemalike yezabasebenzi kunye nokunika ingxelo, kwaye igcina amanani-nkcazo emalike yezabasebenzi. Ikwahlawula inzuzo yomntwana njengengxowa-mali yosapho. Kwakhona wanikwa imisebenzi yokulawula ukulwa nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwenkonzo.

Ulwazi malunga ne-German Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (BMAS)

Ezi nkcazo zilandelayo zivela kwiwebhusayithi ye-Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs: Umsebenzi wezopolitiko kukugcina ukusebenza kweenkqubo zentlalo, ukuqinisekisa ukudityaniswa kwentlalo kunye nokudala iimeko zesikhokelo somsebenzi omkhulu. Le misebenzi ichaphazela iinkalo ezininzi zomgaqo-nkqubo. I-Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (BMAS) inyanzelisa izisombululo zangaphakathi kunye nokulungelelanisa imilinganiselo yayo kunye namazwe achaphazelekayo kunye noomasipala. Intsebenziswano esondeleyo phakathi kwe-BMAS kunye neKomiti yeMicimbi yezaBasebenzi kunye neNtlalo nayo ibalulekile kwimpumelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo wentlalo. Liqumrhu elithatha izigqibo lePalamente.

Umgaqo-nkqubo wezentlalo kunye noqoqosho

Isiseko sokudala imisebenzi exhomekeke kwigalelo lokhuseleko loluntu luqoqosho olunempumelelo. Urhulumente wentlalontle unokusebenza kuphela xa uqoqosho luphuhliswa. I-BMAS izibophelele kuqoqosho olukhoyo lwabantu. Uqoqosho alusosiphelo ngokwalo.

Umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho, ingqesho kunye nentlalontle nazo zithathu kwinqanaba laseYurophu. Umgaqo-nkqubo wezenhlalakahle kwaye uya kuhlala uyingxenye ephambili yeSicwangciso seLisbon, njengoko ukukhula kufuneka kuhambisane nokukhuselwa koluntu. Isebe lifuna ukomeleza iingxoxo zentlalo kunye nokubandakanya uluntu. IYurophu imele ithuba elikhulu ukuba ilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo.

Ipenshoni

Omnye weyona misebenzi ingxamisekileyo kukuzinzisa i-inshurensi yomhlalaphantsi esemthethweni. Kukho iimfuno ezimbini ezidibeneyo zesisombululo sayo. Kwelinye icala, ixesha lomhlalaphantsi lifuna ukuziqhelanisa nokwandisa ixesha lokuphila. Kwelinye icala, abantu abalupheleyo bafanele banikwe amathuba angakumbi engqesho.

umthombo: https://www.arbeitsagentur.de